High Testosterone in Women: Symptoms and Causes

Testosterone: What It Is, Function & Levels

A vaginal ultrasound revealed a left ovarian solid mass measuring 30 × 30 × 32 mm with normal blood flow on color Doppler (Fig. 1A). The mass’s visual appearance was uncharacteristic of a dermoid cyst, which is typically devoid of blood flow. An abdominal contrast cCT scan showed a 30 × 36 mm round solid mass with clear borders in the left ovary (Fig. 1B). The adrenal glands were normal; no lymphadenopathy or abdominal free fluid was found. We, therefore, referred our patient for a laparoscopic investigation of the ovarian tumor. Among women, perhaps the most common cause of a high testosterone level is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

“Androgen receptor knockout mice” are genetically modified mice that do not produce this receptor. When compared to normal male mice, male androgen receptor knockout mice lose up to 20% of their muscle mass and strength. This makes sense since testosterone doesn’t have a receptor to bind to anymore. Testosterone is the primary steroid hormone in men and is responsible for the development of many physical characteristics that are considered male. Produced in the ovaries, testicles, and adrenal glands, the hormone also supports important functions in female physiology. There are a handful of medications that can improve symptoms and slow the release of certain androgens. Medications include corticosteroids,  hormonal birth control methods, spironolactone, cyproterone, and others.

The testicles in the male reproductive system and the ovaries in the female reproductive system make androgens. Your adrenal glands, which sit on top of each of your kidneys, also produce these hormones. Other tissues, such as fat and skin, play roles in converting weak androgens into more potent (powerful) ones. Eating a low-glycemic diet and limiting foods high in sugar and refined carbs can help rebalance your blood sugar levels and get you the nutrition you need. You may also discuss an appropriate weight loss diet with a healthcare provider if you are overweight or have obesity.

If the condition is caused by an ovarian tumor, surgery to remove the tumor may correct the problem. Most ovarian tumors are not cancerous (benign) and will not come back after they have been removed. Many women with high testosterone levels will have irregular menses or no period at all. However, research reveals that some pre-menopausal women with high testosterone levels may be asymptomatic, meaning they never experience symptoms.

Estrogen is often called the female sex hormone, as it plays an important role in the female reproductive system. Likewise, testosterone is referred to as the male sex hormone for the roles it plays in male sexual development and function. It’s true that women and people assigned female at birth (AFAB) have much higher levels of estrogen, but they have some testosterone, too.

Verywell Health prefers to use inclusive terminology for sex and gender. For the purposes of this article, “women” refers to people born with the reproductive organs typical for females (such as a vagina, uterus, and ovaries). This definition does not take into account their gender or gender identity. The benefits of testosterone for women include stronger bones, improved ovary function (more regular periods), and possibly a clearer mind, better mood, higher sex drive, and more energy.

Managing high testosterone can be difficult, but there are ways to promote healthy hormone levels. If the symptoms seem abnormal, your doctor may recommend a testosterone test to measure the level in your blood. The expert may perform this test in the morning when the testosterone is at its highest. Doctors ask you to stop taking any medications before the test to avoid the possible side effects. Because testosterone is key for supporting several basic bodily functions, symptoms can arise if testosterone levels get too low or too high. They revealed that women with genetically higher testosterone levels have a heightened risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 37 percent. On the other hand, men had a reduction of type 2 diabetes risk by 14 percent if they had higher testosterone levels.

This steroid hormone also plays a role in regulating energy levels, muscle mass, and sex drive. In summary, our case demonstrates that in some instances, ovarian tumor-produced testosterone can have selective influences on peripheral tissues causing only menstrual irregularities without virilization. Since these tumors are potentially malignant, a differential diagnosis of ovarian mass with high levels of testosterone or hydro-soluble fragments of testosterone is it bad to have too much testosterone essential even without signs of virilization. Even with an abnormally low level that is replicated on a repeat test, the decision to begin testosterone replacement therapy and the proper dose requires a careful conversation with your doctor.